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The practice of sedation dosing strategy in mechanically ventilated patient has a profound effect on cognitive function. We conducted a comprehensive review of outcome of sedation on mental health function in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). We specifically evaluated current sedative dosing strategy and the development of delirium, post-traumatic...
Despite the high prevalence of cough in children, the topic has been poorly researched. Although pediatricians recognize that chronic cough in children is different from that in adults, this difference seems less recognizable to other health professionals. During childhood, the respiratory tract and nervous system undergo a series of anatomical and physiological maturation processes that influence...
Purpose The present study was designed to investigate the effects of WP1066, a specific inhibitor of STAT3 signaling, on radiation-induced lung injury in mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a single thoracic irradiation of 15 Gy X-ray and WP1066 was administrated through intraperitoneal injection. The early and delayed treatment groups were treated with WP1066 during the first 2 weeks...
Purpose The working hypothesis is that the prone position with respect to supine may change the geometric configuration of the lungs inside the chest wall, thus their reciprocal mechanical interactions, leading to possible effects on stress relaxation phenomena and respiratory mechanics. Method The effects of changing body posture from supine to prone on respiratory system mechanics, particularly...
Aim We studied the diagnostic potential of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in malignant pleural effusion. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized with exudative pleural effusion in 2013. Results Serum LDH and serum LDH: pleural fluid ADA ratio was significantly higher in cancer patients presenting with exudative pleural effusion. In multivariate logistic regression analysis,...
Introduction Changes in end-expiratory lung volume (∆EELV) in response to changes in PEEP (∆PEEP) have not been reported in mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of measurements of ∆EELV in determining optimal PEEP in ARDS patients. Methods Nine patients with ARDS were prospectively recruited. ∆EELV was measured using magnetometers during...
Purpose We aimed to determine the time, dose, and volume responses in a mouse pulmonary injury model following ablative dose focal irradiation (ADFIR) in order to better understand normal lung injury. Methods and Materials ADFIR was administered to the left lung of mice using a small animal micro-irradiator. Histopathological evaluation and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analyses were performed...
Background There is very little evidence of the utility of the exhaled fraction of NO (FeNO) for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease and nearly all of it is related with connective tissue disease. Some authors have suggested that in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), evolution to pulmonary fibrosis may be mediated by a Th2 mechanism, which could redound in a potential utility...
The early years of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic introduced the global medical community to Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), a heretofore seldom encountered angiosarcomatous neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus-8. At that time, clinicians treating these KS patients were routinely exposed to the pulmonary manifestations of this malignancy, including characteristic airway lesions,...
Purpose Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) is an oncofetal protein associated with several aggressive and advanced cancers. Whether IMP3 can predict invasion, and prognosis in patients with human lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remains unclear. Methods Ninety-five LAC and 75 non-tumor lung tissue samples were included in a tissue microarray. IMP3 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical...
Purpose The objective of this study was to measure plasma cytokine levels and blood neutrophil functions as well as clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treated with or without macrolide use—a known modulator of inflammatory response. Methods Subjects with CAP had peripheral blood analyzed for some neutrophil functions (degranulation of secretory vesicles...
Purpose Sarcoidosis is a disease with heterogenous clinical presentations. Diagnosis of sarcoidosis is often challenging with the lack of gold standard tests. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic utility of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) for diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Methods A cohort of Olmsted County, Minnesota residents who were diagnosed with sarcoidosis between January 1, 1984...
Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder that frequently affects the lungs. Cough is commonly reported by patients and can significantly reduce health-related quality of life. The mechanism of cough is unknown but airway inflammation, mechanical distortion from pulmonary fibrosis and disruption of the vagus nerve are possible. Recent evidence suggests cough reflex hypersensitivity may also be an important...
Background Asbestos is a carcinogen linked to malignant mesothelioma (MM) and lung cancer. Some gene aberrations related to asbestos exposure are recognized, but many associated mutations remain obscure. We performed exome sequencing to determine the association of previously known mutations (driver gene mutations) with asbestos and to identify novel mutations related to asbestos exposure in lung...
Introduction We aimed to evaluate the association between specific anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACCPA) and pulmonary abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subjects. Methods Computed tomography (CT) images of 83 subjects with RA were evaluated in a blind fashion. Enrolled subjects underwent autoantibody testing to determinate titer of ACCPA and rheumatoid factor, and pulmonary...
Introduction Reduced lung function is associated with a risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. This association may be due to chronic inflammation which is often present in those with reduced lung function. Purpose We investigated the possible role of systemic inflammation as the mediator between lung function and arterial stiffness in 1534 black South Africans. Methods Spirometric...
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